Hidden hunger (micronutrient deficiency) is a global public health challenge rooted in the systemic loss of nutrients within the modern food system. This paper proposes an integrated "Nutrition Chain Repair" framework aimed at rebuilding nutritional integrity from production to consumption through synergistic multi-node interventions. Based on a systematic review of 11 recent publications (2024-2025), this study identifies three key intervention nodes: At the production end, enhancing the nutritional baseline through biofortification and the development of novel resources (e.g., algal protein). In processing and delivery, applying advanced encapsulation technologies (e.g., liposomes), optimizing traditional processes (e.g., freezing), and utilizing fermentation to protect and deliver nutrients precisely. At the assessment and cognition level, there is an urgent need to reform protein evaluation standards and establish the food matrix as a core paradigm. Flavor perception is the critical bridge ensuring consumer acceptance of technological outcomes and the realization of public health benefits. This study argues that only through such cross-chain, systemic, and synergistic repair can a truly nutrition-sensitive and sustainable food system be built to eradicate hidden hunger.