Hypertension remains a serious public health issue worldwide because of its strong association with cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. Although body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are commonly used indicators of obesity, they do not always capture differences in fat distribution. This study examined whether Body Roundness Index (BRI), a newer measure of body shape, is associated with hypertension among U.S. adults. The analysis used data from the 2017–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). After excluding participants with incomplete demographic, anthropometric, or blood pressure data, 5,729 individuals were included. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between BRI and hypertension while controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle characteristics. The results showed that individuals in the highest BRI quartile were more likely to have hypertension than those in the lowest quartile, even after adjustment for potential confounders. Overall, the findings indicate that BRI may be a useful marker for identifying hypertension risk in population-based research.

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Biomass pyrolysis has great application potential in the high-value utilization of renewable carbon resources. The microstructure of biochar formed during pyrolysis is jointly affected by the composition of raw materials and pyrolysis conditions, and is further related to the formation of carbon stability. This paper focuses on the main line of "raw material composition - pyrolysis process - structural evolution - carbon stability", summarizes the pyrolysis differences and interactions of the three major components of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, and also analyzes the regulatory effects of pyrolysis temperature, heating rate, residence time and raw material composition on the structural evolution of biochar. On this basis, the variation characteristics of the carbon skeleton, pore structure and surface functional groups, as well as the chemical connotation and evaluation methods of carbon stability, were summarized. Overall, the growth of aromatic structure, the reduction of oxygen-containing functional groups and the high condensation of carbon skeleton will have a more direct impact on the formation of stable carbon, while the pyrolysis of lignin and the high-temperature aromatization process are usually more closely related to the formation of highly stable biochar. In the future, further research on the quantitative correlation between structural parameters and long-term stability is still needed.

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This article focuses on environmentally friendly biomass rice husk. As a widely available and sustainable agricultural waste, rice husk has shown great potential in the preparation of high-performance carbon-based catalytic materials. A series of technological process adopted to use rice husk biochar as the carrier for loading metals. Regulating and controlling CO₂ products by using different metals. The rice husk biochar-based metal catalysts have demonstrated the adsorption and catalytic mechanisms in the reduction of CO₂. These catalysts can effectively promote the conversion of CO₂ into high-value chemicals and fuels, providing a green pathway for resource utilization. Rice husk biochar-based metal catalysts still have disadvantages in regulation accuracy and long-term stability. With the development of technology and artificial intelligence, the application scope of this catalyst will be broadened, and the catalyst process will be further optimized. It has application potential in industrial waste gas treatment, agricultural carbon sequestration, and soil fertility improvement. In the future, further research on structure design and performance modification will help overcome current limitations. Contribute to carbon neutrality in the whole world.

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DNA hydrogels are programmable 3D networks that integrate molecular recognition modules (aptamers, DNAzymes, CRISPR) to translate binding events into macroscopic material responses. The central challenge is reliably amplifying these events into quantifiable changes within complex biological matrices. Sensor behavior is governed by coupled factors: material thresholding (gel–sol transition boundaries), pore architecture and mass transport, matrix interference (nucleases, proteins, ionic strength), and readout modality constraints. This review analyzes key scientific questions connecting molecular recognition to signal transduction. We summarize progress in construction routes, functionalization strategies, biosensing applications, and principal bottlenecks in complex samples. Priority directions for clinical translation include thin-film CRISPR geometries with distance readout, wireless integration for longitudinal monitoring, and standardized matrix validation frameworks. Ultimately, translation requires not only low detection limits but also reproducible manufacturing, robust real-matrix operation, and explicit mapping between hydrogel responses and clinically relevant biomarker ranges.

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