Screen-based electronic products have become an indispensable part of modern daily life. Using mobile phones, tablets and similar devices before bedtime has evolved into a common habit across all age groups worldwide. Based on epidemiological investigations, sleep scale statistics and human physiological monitoring data, this paper discusses various adverse effects caused by improper use of electronic devices at night. Data indicate that prolonged pre-bed screen exposure delays sleep onset and reduces total sleep duration. It also disturbs natural sleep rhythms and triggers daytime fatigue as well as emotional fluctuations. Drawing on existing findings in photophysiology, neuroscience and behavioral psychology, this study identifies three major influencing pathways. Short-wavelength blue light emitted by screens interferes with the synthesis and secretion of melatonin. Audiovisual content on digital platforms tends to keep the nervous system in a constant state of excitement. Irregular electronic device consumption gradually breaks the body's stable circadian rhythm. This study proposes targeted interventions in three areas, including personal behavioral constraints, equipment and environmental optimization, and long-term lifestyle cultivation.

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Childhood obesity is rapidly emerging as one of China's most serious public health challenges. In recent decades, the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased rapidly, now affecting approximately 19.0% of school-aged children in China. This review explores the factors underlying this trend, focusing on a unique cultural dynamic: the heavy reliance on grandparents for childcare. Specifically, it investigates how the trauma of the Great Chinese Famine (1959-1961) shaped the caregiving behaviors of the older generation. For many grandparents who survived the famine, a chubby child is perceived as a sign of health, wealth, and proper care. Consequently, they often overfeed their grandchildren and restrict their physical activity. The review finds that being raised primarily by grandparents is a major independent risk factor for childhood obesity, leading to higher rates of early-onset health issues like hypertension. The paper also examines the CHIRPY DRAGON intervention model, which shows that public health programs can succeed only if they actively engage with grandparents and directly confrot these deep-rooted beliefs.

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As the population ages, the challenge of preventing and managing diabetes among older adults has become increasingly severe. Traditional screening based on Body Mass Index (BMI) often fails to identify high-risk individuals with "hidden obesity." Through a literature review, this paper systematically explores the intrinsic connections and underlying mechanisms linking community-based dietary interventions, the optimization of body fat percentage, and precision prevention strategies for geriatric diabetes. Research indicates that reducing body fat percentage—particularly visceral fat—while maintaining skeletal muscle mass plays a pivotal mediating role in how dietary interventions lower the risk of diabetes in older adults. This study suggests that future efforts should focus on shifting metabolic management in the older population from the traditional "broad weight loss" approach to "refined regulation of body composition," and establishing a grassroots precision nutrition intervention mechanism oriented towards regulating body fat and protecting muscle.

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Bird population decline is a serious issue under anthropogenic influences of the natural world, making public understanding and knowledge of these issues integral for conservation in the future. The study examined public knowledge of avian ecology alongside anthropogenic threats in key categories among knowledge, attitude, engagement and environmental exposure. The study used a survey consulting 45 participants globally in an assessment of the aforementioned categories. Participants demonstrated strong grasps of basic ecological concepts, but showed variance in questions regarding climate change, light pollution, and noise pollution. Environmental knowledge differed demographically in country, living environment, age, and education, with formal education providing the highest increase in environmental knowledge scores. The findings of this study go to suggest that environmental education approaches should combine factual knowledge with approaches fostering direct exposure to the environment.

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