To review the research and application status of digital therapy interventions for improving communication skills in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to provide evidence‑based references for clinical practice.Following the PRISMA guidelines,we searched eight electronic databases for relevant records from their inception through March 2026. The search strategy used Boolean operators with both subject headings and freetext terms,and we also checked the reference lists of eligible studies by hand. Twentyone randomized controlled trials were included. Across these studies,digital therapy interventions shared several recurring features: teaching basic skills,providing key skills training,offering gamified and immersive practice,empowering and training caregivers,using datadriven feedback to make individualized adjustments,and enabling remote collaboration with professionals. Outcome assessments focused mainly on core ASD symptoms. The trial data suggests that digital therapy may improve emotion recognition,social responsiveness,and cognitive flexibility in children with ASD,while also showing good feasibility and acceptability. Taken together,these findings indicate that digital therapeutic approaches may help reduce core symptoms and improve related functional outcomes in this population.

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In the last two decades, surgical robots have moved from specialized platforms to widely used tools in minimally invasive surgery. Their performance increasingly depends on visual navigation, because intraoperative images connect tissue perception, spatial localization, and motion control. Recent work has focused on how cameras, ultrasound, CT/MRI-derived models, optical tracking, and learning-based image analysis can be combined under the time pressure and uncertainty of the operating room. The discussion covers visual perception, multimodal imaging, segmentation, target recognition, three-dimensional reconstruction, image registration, real-time tracking, and vision-guided control in surgical robotics. Particular attention is given to the technical bottlenecks created by occlusion, specular reflection, tissue deformation, limited field of view, calibration drift, and data scarcity. The reviewed evidence shows that visual navigation is most useful when perception outputs are tightly linked to registration accuracy, safety constraints, and closed-loop control rather than treated as isolated image-processing results. Future progress will depend on more robust multimodal fusion, clinically reliable validation, safer intelligent control, and better integration of visual and haptic feedback in dynamic surgical scenes.

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Photocaging converts a functional molecule into a latent derivative by installing a photoremovable protecting group that can be cleaved by irradiation. The strategy links molecular synthesis with optical control, allowing chemical reactivity, biological activity, and material function to be initiated at defined positions and times. Its development has moved from ultraviolet responsive o-nitrobenzyl systems toward chromophores that absorb visible or near-infrared light, release diverse cargoes, and tolerate aqueous or cellular environments. This review summarizes the chemical principles that govern photocage design, including excited-state pathways, bond scission mechanisms, photophysical parameters, wavelength selectivity, and synthetic methods for conjugating cage structures to alcohols, phenols, amines, thiols, carboxylates, phosphates, and coordinating heteroatoms. Emphasis is placed on how chromophore engineering, leaving-group control, solubilizing substituents, and metal-complex platforms have improved uncaging efficiency and application scope. Representative uses in small-molecule release and biological spatiotemporal regulation are discussed to connect molecular design with performance validation.

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Urban young adults, despite being digital natives, often exhibit low compliance with vaccination and routine medical examinations due to lifestyle factors and procrastination. Digital interventions offer promising avenues to bridge this gap, yet their collective efficacy for this specific population remains insufficiently synthesized. To systematically review and evaluate the effectiveness of various digital strategies in improving compliance with vaccination and routine health check-ups among urban young adults. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed database, following the PRISMA guidelines. Studies evaluating digital interventions targeted at urban young adults (aged 18-35 years) to promote immunization or routine screening were included. Results show that a total of 24,650 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing a combined sample size of 18 participants. This paper finds that digital strategies, particularly personalized digital reminders and interactive social media interventions, demonstrate substantial efficacy in enhancing vaccination and routine check-up compliance among urban young adults. Future public health policies should systematically integrate tailored digital tools into urban healthcare systems to optimize preventative care delivery.

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